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PHP方式写的一团糟所以就用python3重写了一遍，所以因为第二次写了，思路也更清晰了些。

提醒：可能会有502的错误，所以做了异常以及数据库事务处理，暂时没有想到更好的优化方法，所以就先这样吧。待更懂python再进一步优化哈

欢迎留言赐教~

#!C:\Users\12550\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\python.exe
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from urllib.request import urlopen
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import pymysql
import urllib.request
import re
from urllib.error import URLError, HTTPError
conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', user='root', passwd='root', db='test', charset='utf8')
db = conn.cursor()
curr_url = ''
# 请求网页
def get_html(url):
  global curr_url
  user_agent = 'Mozilla/6.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.6796.99 Safari/537.36'
  response = urllib.request.Request(url)
  response.add_header('User-Agent', user_agent)
  response = urllib.request.urlopen(response)
  html = BeautifulSoup(response.read(), "html.parser", from_encoding='gbk')
  return html
def get_list(url, level=1, pid=0, get_level=2):
  data = [];
  level_arr = {'1': 'provincetr', '2': 'citytr', '3': 'countytr', '4': 'towntr', '5': 'villagetr'}
  try:
    print(url)
    html = get_html(url)
    c_url = url
    tr_list = html.findAll('tr', {'class': level_arr[str(level)]})
    for tr in tr_list:
      region_name, href, page = '', '', ''
      td_list = tr.findAll('td')
      for td in td_list:
        region_name = td.get_text();
        # 判断是否存在该省份
        if (level == 1):
          sql = "select * from region where region_name='" + region_name + "'"
          db.execute(sql)
          exist = db.fetchone()
          if(exist):
            continue
        # 判断是否全数字-非法则跳过
        if (region_name.isdigit()):
          continue
        if (region_name):
          sql = "insert into region(region_name,pid,level,url) value('" + region_name + "','" + str(
            pid) + "','" + str(level) + "','" + url + "')"
          db.execute(sql)
          db.execute('SELECT LAST_INSERT_ID();')
          last_id = db.fetchone()[0]
        if (td.a):
          page = td.a.attrs['href']
          pattern = re.compile(r'\w*.html')
          url = re.sub(pattern, page, c_url)
          if (level <= get_level):
            get_list(url, level + 1, last_id)
      # 每个省份执行完成，则提交
      if (level == 1):
        conn.commit()
    return data;
  except HTTPError as e:
    # 如果有出错，则回滚
    conn.rollback()
    print(e) # HTTP Error 502: Proxy Error
url = 'http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjbz/tjyqhdmhcxhfdm/2017/index.html'
get_list(url)
print('执行完成')

总结

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