django基于restframework的CBV封装详解
一.models数据库映射
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
class Book(models.Model):
title=models.CharField(max_length=32)
price=models.IntegerField()
pub_date=models.DateField()
publish=models.ForeignKey(to="Publish")
authors=models.ManyToManyField(to="Author")
def __str__(self):
return self.title
class Publish(models.Model):
name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
email=models.EmailField()
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class Author(models.Model):
name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
age=models.IntegerField()
def __str__(self):
return self.name
二.serializers序列化
from rest_framework import serializers
from app01 import models
from rest_framework import exceptions
class BookSerialize(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = models.Book
fields = "__all__"
publish = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
authors = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
def get_publish(self, obj):
return {"publish_id": obj.publish.pk, "publish_name": obj.publish.name}
def get_authors(self, obj):
author_list = obj.authors.all()
lis = [{"name": author.name, "age": author.age} for author in author_list]
return lis
def validate_title(self, value):
if value.startswith("sb"):
raise exceptions.ValidationError('你使用了不合适的文字')
return value
三.url路由
from django.conf.urls import url from django.contrib import admin from app01 import views urlpatterns = [ url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), url(r'^books/$', views.Books.as_view()), ]
四.Views视图类
主要就是将CBV的几个get,post请求方法进行封装,以后创建其他的新的CBV,直接继承调用就可以了,可以减少代码冗余
from app01 import models
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from app01.serialize_module import BookSerialize
# 自定义一个response类,方便CBV使用
class MyResponse():
def __init__(self):
self.status = 100
self.msg = None
# 将类方法装饰成属性
@property
def get_dic(self):
return self.__dict__
# 封装CBV类
# 将get请求封装在List类中
class List():
def get_list(self, request,*args,**kwargs):
response = MyResponse()
try:
handler_list = self.model.objects.all()
handler_ser = self.serializer(instance=handler_list, many=True)
response.handler = handler_ser.data
response.msg = "获取成功"
except Exception as e:
response.msg="获取失败"
response.error=str(e)
return Response(response.get_dic)
# 将post请求封装在Create类中
class Create():
def save(self, request,*args,**kwargs):
response = MyResponse()
try:
handler_ser = self.serializer(data=request.data)
if handler_ser.is_valid():
handler_ser.save()
response.msg = "添加成功"
else:
response.status = 101
response.msg = "添加失败"
response.error = handler_ser.errors
except Exception as e:
response.msg = "添加失败"
response.error=str(e)
return Response(response.get_dic)
# book类继承List,Create,APIView
class Books(List,Create,APIView):
model=models.Book
serializer=BookSerialize
# 此时调用get方法时,只要使用List类中的get_list方法就行了
def get(self,request):
return self.get_list(request)
# 此时调用post方法时,只要使用Create类中的save方法就行了
def post(self,request):
return self.save(request)
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持【听图阁-专注于Python设计】。
