python之wxPython菜单使用详解

yipeiwu_com6年前Python基础

本文实例讲述了python中wxPython菜单的使用方法,分享给大家供大家参考。具体如下:

先来看看下面这段代码:

import wx 
APP_EXIT=1  #定义一个控件ID 
 
class Example(wx.Frame): 
  def __init__(self, parent, id, title): 
    super(Example,self).__init__(parent, id, title)    #调用你类的初始化 
 
    self.InitUI()      #调用自身的函数 
 
  def InitUI(self):  #自定义的函数,完成菜单的设置 
 
    menubar = wx.MenuBar()    #生成菜单栏 
    filemenu = wx.Menu()    #生成一个菜单 
 
 
    qmi = wx.MenuItem(filemenu, APP_EXIT, "Quit")   #生成一个菜单项 
    qmi.SetBitmap(wx.Bitmap("2.bmp"))    #给菜单项前面加个小图标 
    filemenu.AppendItem(qmi)      #把菜单项加入到菜单中 
 
    menubar.Append(filemenu, "&File")    #把菜单加入到菜单栏中 
    self.SetMenuBar(menubar)      #把菜单栏加入到Frame框架中 
 
    self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.OnQuit, id=APP_EXIT)  #给菜单项加入事件处理 
 
    self.SetSize((300, 200))      #设置下Frame的大小,标题,和居中对齐 
    self.SetTitle("simple menu") 
    self.Centre() 
 
    self.Show(True)    #显示框架 
 
  def OnQuit(self, e):  #自定义函数 响应菜单项   
    self.Close() 
 
def main(): 
 
  ex = wx.App()      #生成一个应用程序 
  Example(None, id=-1, title="main")  #调用我们的类 
  ex.MainLoop()#消息循环 
 
if __name__ == "__main__": 
  main() 

运行效果如下图所示:

这里再来解释下几个API,官方文档如下:

wxMenuItem* wxMenu::AppendSeparator()

Adds a separator to the end of the menu.
See also:
Append(), InsertSeparator()

wxMenuItem::wxMenuItem ( wxMenu *  parentMenu = NULL,
     int  id = wxID_SEPARATOR,
     const wxString &  text = wxEmptyString,
     const wxString &  helpString = wxEmptyString,
    wxItemKind  kind = wxITEM_NORMAL,
    wxMenu *  subMenu = NULL 
  )

Constructs a wxMenuItem object.
Menu items can be standard, or "stock menu items", or custom. For the standard menu items (such as commands to open a file, exit the program and so on, see Stock items for the full list) it is enough to specify just the stock ID and leave text and helpString empty. Some platforms (currently wxGTK only, and see the remark in SetBitmap() documentation) will also show standard bitmaps for stock menu items.
Leaving at least text empty for the stock menu items is actually strongly recommended as they will have appearance and keyboard interface (including standard accelerators) familiar to the user.
For the custom (non-stock) menu items, text must be specified and while helpString may be left empty, it's recommended to pass the item description (which is automatically shown by the library in the status bar when the menu item is selected) in this parameter.
Finally note that you can e.g. use a stock menu label without using its stock help string:
       
 // use all stock properties:
        helpMenu->Append(wxID_ABOUT);

        // use the stock label and the stock accelerator but not the stock help string:
        helpMenu->Append(wxID_ABOUT, "", "My custom help string");

        // use all stock properties except for the bitmap:
        wxMenuItem *mymenu = new wxMenuItem(helpMenu, wxID_ABOUT);
        mymenu->SetBitmap(wxArtProvider::GetBitmap(wxART_WARNING));
        helpMenu->Append(mymenu);
that is, stock properties are set independently one from the other.

Parameters:
  parentMenu  Menu that the menu item belongs to. Can be NULL if the item is going to be added to the menu later.
  id  Identifier for this menu item. May be wxID_SEPARATOR, in which case the given kind is ignored and taken to be wxITEM_SEPARATOR instead.
  text  Text for the menu item, as shown on the menu. See SetItemLabel() for more info.
  helpString  Optional help string that will be shown on the status bar.
  kind  May be wxITEM_SEPARATOR, wxITEM_NORMAL, wxITEM_CHECK or wxITEM_RADIO.
  subMenu  If non-NULL, indicates that the menu item is a submenu.

wxMenuItem* wxMenu::Append (  int  id,
     const wxString &  item = wxEmptyString,
     const wxString &  helpString = wxEmptyString,
    wxItemKind  kind = wxITEM_NORMAL 
  )     
Adds a menu item.
Parameters:
  id  The menu command identifier.
  item  The string to appear on the menu item. See wxMenuItem::SetItemLabel() for more details.
  helpString  An optional help string associated with the item. By default, the handler for the wxEVT_MENU_HIGHLIGHT event displays this string in the status line.
  kind  May be wxITEM_SEPARATOR, wxITEM_NORMAL, wxITEM_CHECK or wxITEM_RADIO.

Example:
        m_pFileMenu->Append(ID_NEW_FILE, "&New file\tCTRL+N", "Creates a new XYZ document");
or even better for stock menu items (see wxMenuItem::wxMenuItem):
        m_pFileMenu->Append(wxID_NEW, "", "Creates a new XYZ document");
Remarks:
This command can be used after the menu has been shown, as well as on initial creation of a menu or menubar.

希望本文所述对大家的Python程序设计有所帮助。

相关文章

使用python脚本实现查询火车票工具

使用python脚本实现查询火车票工具

使用python脚本实现查询火车票信息的效果图如下: 实现的代码: # coding: utf-8 """命令行火车票查看器 Usage: tickets [-gdtkz] O...

python实现log日志的示例代码

源代码: # coding=utf-8 import logging import os import time LEVELS={'debug':logging.DEBUG,\...

django表单的Widgets使用详解

前言 不要将Widget与表单的fields字段混淆。表单字段负责验证输入并直接在模板中使用。而Widget负责渲染网页上HTML表单的输入元素和提取提交的原始数据。widget是字段的...

深入理解Python中range和xrange的区别

【听图阁-专注于Python设计】已经给大家介绍过range和xrange的区别的基础知识,有兴趣的朋友可以参阅:  python中xrange和range的区别 python...

Python 专题三 字符串的基础知识

在Python中最重要的数据类型包括字符串、列表、元组和字典等.该篇主要讲述Python的字符串基础知识. 一.字符串基础 字符串指一有序的字符序列集合,用单引号、双引号、三重(单双均可...