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Django 导出 Excel 代码的实例详解

yipeiwu_com5年前Python基础

这篇技术贴讲怎样在Django的框架下导出Excel， 最开始打算用ajax post data 过去，但是发现不行，所以改用了get的方式。如果只有一个id(pk)那用get的方式很简单就可以访问对应的view section，但是如果是多个ids，我用的是session，大家还有其他好的例子吗？希望一起讨论。

Python3.5 Django 1.10, sqlite3, windows 10

1. virtualenv export_excel  <--- create a virtualenv for django

2. cd export_excel   <--- Go into the export_excel folder

3. Script\active <--- activate env environment.

once activate the environment, in the windows would be liked as above.

4. pip install django.

5. pip install django-bootstrap3. <-- bootstrap3 for django.

6. pip install xlsxwriter.  <-- this uses for excel export.(用xlsxwriter 这个Python 库)

1. urls.py

"""export_excel URL Configuration 
 
 
The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see: 
  https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/http/urls/ 
Examples: 
Function views 
  1. Add an import: from my_app import views 
  2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r'^$', views.home, name='home') 
Class-based views 
  1. Add an import: from other_app.views import Home 
  2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r'^$', Home.as_view(), name='home') 
Including another URLconf 
  1. Import the include() function: from django.conf.urls import url, include 
  2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r'^blog/', include('blog.urls')) 
""" 
from django.conf.urls import url 
from django.contrib import admin 
from django.views.generic import ListView 
 
 
from .models import ExcelDemoData 
from . import views 
 
 
urlpatterns = [ 
  url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), 
  url(r'^$', ListView.as_view(queryset = ExcelDemoData.objects.all().defer('id', 'part_number').order_by('id')[:100], template_name="part_num_list.html"), name = 'home'), 
  url(r'^demo/exportall/$', views.export_all_to_excel, name = 'export_all_to_excel'), 
]

2. views.py

from django.http import JsonResponse, Http404 
from django.shortcuts import render, get_object_or_404, render_to_response  
from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect 
from django.contrib import messages 
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse 
from django.http import HttpResponse 
 
from .models import ExcelDemoData 
from .forms import ExcelDemoForm 
from .excel_utils import WriteToExcel 
 
from . import attrs_override as attr 
 
     
def export_sig_to_excel(request, pk): 
 
  if request.method == 'GET': 
    demo_list = [] 
    try: 
      demo_row = ExcelDemoData.objects.get(pk = pk) 
    except ExcelDemoData.DoesNotExist: 
      messages.add_message(request, messages.ERROR, 'the Part Number: [%s] does not exist in database.' % str(pk)) 
    else:   
      demo_list.append(demo_row) 
        
    response = HttpResponse(content_type='application/ms-excel') 
    response['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename=ExcelDemoData_%s.xlsx' % demo_row.demo_row_part_number  
    xlsx_data = WriteToExcel(demo_list) 
    response.write(xlsx_data) 
    return response 
         
         
def export_all_to_excel(request): 
  if request.method == 'GET': 
    if 'store_modi_id' in request.session: 
       messages.add_message(request, messages.ERROR, 'The Part Number have been lost, please re-search them.') 
       return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('home')) 
       
    demo_list = [] 
    pn_id_list = request.session['searched_sb_list'] #<--- the session will be created when a list page was created. 
    for id in pn_id_list: 
      try: 
        demo_row = ExcelDemoData.objects.get(pk = id) 
      except SmartBuy.DoesNotExist: 
        messages.add_message(request, messages.ERROR, 'the Part Number does not exist in database.' ) 
      else:   
        demo_list.append(demo_row) 
        
    response = HttpResponse(content_type='application/ms-excel') 
    response['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename=ExcelDemoData_%s.xlsx' % attr.get_current_timestamp()  
    xlsx_data = WriteToExcel(demo_list) 
    response.write(xlsx_data) 
    return response

3. models.py

from django.db import models 
 
# Create your models here. 
class ExcelDemoData(models.Model): 
   
  # ---- this is ExcelDemoData scope ----  
  demo_qty = models.PositiveIntegerField(blank = True, null=True) 
  demo_part_number = models.CharField(max_length = 20, blank = True, null=True) # smart buy part number cannot be empty. 
  demo_nonfio_sku = models.CharField(max_length = 200, blank = True, null=True) 
  demo_desc = models.CharField(max_length = 500, blank = True, null=True) 
  demo_cost = models.DecimalField(max_digits=15, decimal_places=2, blank = True, null=True) 
  demo_ex_cost = models.DecimalField(max_digits=15, decimal_places=2, blank = True, null=True) 
  demo_msrp = models.DecimalField(max_digits=15, decimal_places=2, blank = True, null=True) 
  demo_ex_msrp = models.DecimalField(max_digits=15, decimal_places=2, blank = True, null=True) 
   
   
  def __str__(self): 
    return str(self.pk) + ' Part Number: ' + self.demo_part_number

4. forms.py

from django import forms 
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _ 
from .models import ExcelDemoData 
 
from .attrs_override import * 
 
  
class ExcelDemoForm(forms.ModelForm): 
    
  class Meta: 
    model = <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">ExcelDemoData</span> 
     
    widgets = { 
      # ----- Smart ------ 
      'demo_qty': forms.NumberInput(attrs = {'class': INPUT_CSS}), 
      'demo_part_number': forms.TextInput(attrs = {'class': INPUT_CSS}), 
      'demo_nonfio_sku': forms.TextInput(attrs = {'class': INPUT_CSS}), 
      'demo_desc': forms.TextInput(attrs = {'class': SELECT_CSS}), 
      'demo_cost': forms.TextInput(attrs = {'class': INPUT_CSS}), 
      'demo_ex_cost': forms.TextInput(attrs = {'class': INPUT_CSS}), 
      'demo_msrp': forms.TextInput(attrs = {'class': INPUT_CSS}), 
      'demo_ex_msrp': forms.TextInput(attrs = {'class': INPUT_CSS}), 
    } 
     
    labels = { 
      # ----- Smart ------ 
      'demo_qty': _(DEMO_TXT + ' ' + QTY_TXT), 
      'demo_part_number': _(DEMO_TXT + ' ' + PART_NUM_TXT), 
      'demo_nonfio_sku': _(DEMO_TXT + ' ' + NONFIO_SKU), 
      'demo_desc': _(DEMO_TXT + ' ' + DESC_TXT), 
      'demo_cost': _(DEMO_TXT + ' ' + COST_TXT), 
      'demo_ex_cost': _(DEMO_TXT + ' ' + EX_COST_TXT), 
      'demo_msrp': _(DEMO_TXT + ' ' + MSRP_TXT), 
      'demo_ex_msrp': _(DEMO_TXT + ' ' + EX_MSRP_TXT), 
       
 
    } 
     
    exclude = []

5. excel_utils.py

try: 
  from BytesIO import BytesIO 
except ImportError: 
  from io import BytesIO 
   
import xlsxwriter 
from django.utils.translation import ugettext as _ 
 
 
from .models import ExcelDemoData 
from .attrs_override import * 
 
 
 
 
def WriteToExcel(demo_list): 
   
  output = BytesIO() 
  workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook(output) 
  worksheet_s = workbook.add_worksheet('Smart Buy') 
  worksheet_b = workbook.add_worksheet('Part Number List') 
   
  # excel styles 
  title = workbook.add_format({ 
    'bold': True, 
    'font_size': 14, 
    'align': 'center', 
    'valign': 'vcenter' 
  }) 
  header = workbook.add_format({ 
    'bg_color': '#F7F7F7', 
    'color': 'black', 
    'align': 'center', 
    'valign': 'top', 
    'border': 1 
  }) 
   
  bold_header = workbook.add_format({ 
    'bold': True, 
    'bg_color': '#F7F7F7', 
    'color': 'black', 
    'align': 'center', 
    'valign': 'top', 
    'border': 1 
  }) 
   
  cell = workbook.add_format({ 
    'align': 'left', 
    'valign': 'top', 
    'text_wrap': True, 
    'border': 1 
  }) 
   
  bold_cell = workbook.add_format({ 
    'bold': True, 
    'align': 'left', 
    'valign': 'top', 
    'text_wrap': True, 
    'border': 1 
  }) 
   
  cell_center = workbook.add_format({ 
    'align': 'center', 
    'valign': 'top', 
    'border': 1 
  }) 
   
  # write header, this is row 1 in excel 
  worksheet_s.write(0, 0, _(HEADER_ITEM_TXT), header) 
  worksheet_s.write(0, 1, _(QTY_TXT), header) 
  worksheet_s.write(0, 2, _(PART_NUM_TXT), header) 
  worksheet_s.write(0, 3, _(NONFIO_SKU), header) 
  worksheet_s.write(0, 4, _(DESC_TXT), header) 
  worksheet_s.write(0, 5, _(COST_TXT), header) 
  worksheet_s.write(0, 6, _(EX_COST_TXT), header) 
  worksheet_s.write(0, 7, _(MSRP_TXT), bold_header) 
  worksheet_s.write(0, 8, _(EX_MSRP_TXT), header) 
   
  # column widths  
  item_name_col_width = 20 
  qty_col_width = 10 
  part_num_col_width = 20 
  nonfio_sku_col_width = 30 
  desc_col_width = 80 
  cost_col_width = 10 
  ex_cost_col_width= 10 
  msrp_col_width = 10 
  ex_msrp_col_width = 10 
   
  # add data into the table 
  data_row = 1 
  second_sheet_data_row = 0 
  for sb in demo_list: 
     
    if data_row is not 1: 
      for index in range(9): 
        worksheet_s.write(data_row, index, '', cell) 
      data_row += 1 
     
    # this is for smartbuy row, row 2 in excel 
    worksheet_s.write_string(data_row, 0, _(SMART_BUY_TXT), cell) 
    if not sb.demo_qty:  
      sb.demo_qty = '' 
    worksheet_s.write(data_row, 1, sb.demo_qty, cell) 
    if not sb.demo_part_number: 
      sb.demo_part_number = ''  
    worksheet_s.write_string(data_row, 2, sb.demo_part_number, bold_cell) 
    worksheet_b.write_string(second_sheet_data_row, 0, sb.demo_part_number, cell) 
    second_sheet_data_row += 1 
    if not sb.demo_nonfio_sku: 
       sb.demo_nonfio_sku = '' 
    worksheet_s.write_string(data_row, 3, sb.demo_nonfio_sku, cell) 
    if not sb.demo_desc: 
      sb.demo_desc = ''  
    worksheet_s.write_string(data_row, 4, sb.demo_desc, cell) 
    if not sb.demo_cost:  
      sb.demo_cost = '' 
    worksheet_s.write(data_row, 5, sb.demo_cost, cell) 
    if not sb.demo_ex_cost:  
      sb.demo_ex_cost = '' 
    worksheet_s.write(data_row, 6, sb.demo_ex_cost, cell) 
    if not sb.demo_msrp:  
      sb.demo_msrp = '' 
    worksheet_s.write(data_row, 7, sb.demo_msrp, bold_cell) 
    if not sb.demo_ex_msrp: 
       sb.demo_ex_msrp = '' 
    worksheet_s.write(data_row, 8, sb.demo_ex_msrp, cell) 
     
 
 
    # for each smart buy data end <<<------ 
     
    # change column widths 
    if sb.demo_qty: worksheet_s.set_column('A:A', item_name_col_width) 
    if sb.demo_qty: worksheet_s.set_column('B:B', qty_col_width) 
    if sb.demo_qty: worksheet_s.set_column('C:C', part_num_col_width) 
    if sb.demo_qty: worksheet_s.set_column('D:D', nonfio_sku_col_width) 
    if sb.demo_qty: worksheet_s.set_column('E:E', desc_col_width) 
    if sb.demo_qty: worksheet_s.set_column('F:F', cost_col_width) 
    if sb.demo_qty: worksheet_s.set_column('G:G', ex_cost_col_width) 
    if sb.demo_qty: worksheet_s.set_column('H:H', msrp_col_width) 
    if sb.demo_qty: worksheet_s.set_column('I:I', ex_msrp_col_width) 
     
    # for each smart buy data end <<<------ 
     
    # change column widths 
    worksheet_s.set_column('A:A', item_name_col_width) 
    worksheet_s.set_column('B:B', qty_col_width) 
    worksheet_s.set_column('C:C', part_num_col_width) 
    worksheet_b.set_column('A:A', part_num_col_width) 
    worksheet_s.set_column('D:D', nonfio_sku_col_width) 
    worksheet_s.set_column('E:E', desc_col_width) 
    worksheet_s.set_column('F:F', cost_col_width) 
    worksheet_s.set_column('G:G', ex_cost_col_width) 
    worksheet_s.set_column('H:H', msrp_col_width) 
    worksheet_s.set_column('I:I', ex_msrp_col_width) 
     
  # close workbook 
  workbook.close() 
  xlsx_data = output.getvalue() 
  return xlsx_data

6. html

{% extends "base.html" %} 
 
{% block content %} 
 
<div id="form_body" style="margin:20px;"> 
  <table class="table"> 
    <tr> 
      <td style="float: left"><a href="{% url 'home' %}" rel="external nofollow" class="btn btn-primary" role="button">Back</a></td> 
      <td style="float: right"> 
        {% if export_all %} 
      <a href="javascript:void(0)" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" class="btn btn-primary" role="button" data-loading-text="<i class='fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin'></i> Processing Export..." id="export_all_excel_a" onclick="javascript: getExportExcels('all');">Export All to Excel</a> 
      {% endif %}</td> 
    </tr> 
  </table> 
  </div> 
  <div class="table-responsive"> 
  <table class="table table-bordered usr_def_tbl"> 
    <thead class="thead-inverse"> 
      <tr style="font-size:14px; text-align: center;"> 
       <th> </th> 
       <th>Qty</th> 
       <th>Part Number</th> 
       <th>NonFIO SKU</th> 
       <th>Description</th> 
       <th>Cost</th> 
       <th>Ex.Cost</th> 
       <th>MSRP</th> 
       <th>ex.MSRP</th> 
      </tr> 
    </thead> 
    <tbody> 
      {% for s in demo_list %} 
       
      <!-- this is demo list sections --> 
      <tr> 
        <td>Demo</td> 
        <td>{% if s.demo_qty %}{{ s.demo_qty }}{% endif %} </td> 
        <td>{% if s.demo_part_number %}{{ s.demo_part_number }}{% endif %} </td> 
        <td>{% if s.demo_nonfio_sku %}{{ s.demo_nonfio_sku }}{% endif %} </td> 
        <td>{% if s.demo_desc %}{{ s.demo_desc }}{% endif %} </td> 
        <td>{% if s.demo_cost %}{{ s.demo_cost }}{% endif %} </td> 
        <td>{% if s.demo_ex_cost %}{{ s.demo_ex_cost }}{% endif %} </td> 
        <td>{% if s.demo_msrp %}{{ s.demo_msrp }}{% endif %} </td> 
        <td>{% if s.demo_ex_msrp %}{{ s.demo_ex_msrp }}{% endif %}</td> 
      </tr> 
      <tr> 
        <td colspan="7"></td> 
         <td style="text-align:right"> 
          <a href="javascript:void(0)" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" class="btn btn-primary part_num_flag" role="button" onclick="javascript: getExportExcels('{{ s.pk }}');" data-loading-text="<i class='fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin'></i> Processing Export..." id="sgl_export_{{ s.pk }}" >Export to Excel</a> 
        </td> 
        <td style="text-align:right"> 
          <a href="{% url 'demo_edit_id' pk=s.pk%}" rel="external nofollow" class="btn btn-primary" role="button" value="{{ s.pk }}">Edit</a> 
        </td> 
      </tr> 
      {% endfor %} 
    </tbody> 
     
  <p></p> 
  </table> 
   
</div> 
 
<script type="text/javascript"> 
function getExportExcels(pn_id){ 
  if(pn_id == 'all'){ 
    var post_url = '/demo/exportall/'; 
    location.replace(post_url); 
  } 
  else{ 
    var post_url = '/demo/export/'; 
    location.replace(post_url + pn_id); 
  } 
}  
 
</script> 
{% endblock content %}

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持【听图阁-专注于Python设计】。

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