>>> import numpy as np
>>> a = np.arange(12).reshape(3,4)
>>> a
array([[ 0, 1, 2, 3],
    [ 4, 5, 6, 7],
    [ 8, 9, 10, 11]])
>>> type(a)
<class 'numpy.ndarray'>
>>> b=np.reshape(a,(3,4,1))
>>> np.shape(b)
(3, 4, 1)
>>> c=np.concatenate([b,b],2)
>>> np.shape(c)
(3, 4, 2)

>>> b=np.mat([0,0,0])
>>> c=np.tile(b,(2,1))
>>> np.shape(c)
(2, 3)
>>> type(c)
<class 'numpy.matrixlib.defmatrix.matrix'>
>>> d=np.reshape(c,(2,3,1))
>>> np.shape(d)