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本文实例讲述了python让图片按照exif信息里的创建时间进行排序的方法。分享给大家供大家参考。具体分析如下：

我们经常会从不同的设备里取出照片，比如照相机，手机，iphone等等，操作系统记录的创建日期经常会因为拷贝等原因变动，下面的代码可以给图片按照exif里的创建时间进行排序，非常有用。

import os

import shutil

import Image

from PIL.ExifTags import TAGS

def print_all_known_exif_tags():

    for k in sorted(TAGS):

        print k, TAGS[k]

def print_all_exif_tags(image):

    try:

        img = Image.open(image)

    except Exception, e:

        print image, "skipping due to", e

    else:

        xf = img._getexif()

        for tag in xf:

            print TAGS.get(tag), xf[tag]

    finally:

        print 'done'

def get_minimum_creation_time(exif_data):

    mtime = "?"

    if 306 in exif_data and exif_data[306] < mtime: # 306 = DateTime

        mtime = exif_data[306]

    if 36867 in exif_data and exif_data[36867] < mtime: # 36867 = DateTimeOriginal

        mtime = exif_data[36867]

    if 36868 in exif_data and exif_data[36868] < mtime: # 36868 = DateTimeDigitized

        mtime = exif_data[36868]

    return mtime

def get_creationdate_with_filename_as_dict(list_of_folders):

    print "Processing all image files in:"

    result = {}

    for folder in list_of_folders:

        print "- " + folder

        counter = 0

        for f in os.listdir(folder):

            counter += 1

            fullFileName = folder + "\\" + f

            try:

                img = Image.open(fullFileName)

            except Exception, e:

                print "    Skipping '%s' due to exception: %s"%(f, e)

                continue

            mtime = get_minimum_creation_time(img._getexif())

            i = 0

            while mtime+"_"*i in result:

                i += 1

            mtime = mtime+"_"*i

            result[mtime] = fullFileName

        print "  Found %s orignal files in %s."%(counter, folder)

    print "Added total of %s to dictionary."%len(result)

    return result

def copy_from_image_dict_to_directory(image_dict, output_dir):

    assert os.path.exists(output_dir)

    for i,key in enumerate(sorted(image_dict)):

        dummy, extension =  os.path.splitext(image_dict[key])

        new_file_name = key.replace(":", "-") + extension

        output_file = output_dir + new_file_name

        shutil.copy2(image_dict[key], output_file)

    print "Copied %s files to %s"%(i+1, output_dir)

if __name__=="__main__":

    source_dir = "/var/tmp/images"

    output_dir = "/var/tmp/output"

    # obtain /var/tmp/images/iPhone, /var/tmp/images/CanonPowerShot, /var/tmp/images/Nikon1

    list_of_folders = [source_dir + subfolder for subfolder in os.listdir(source_dir)]

    all_files = get_creationdate_with_filename_as_dict(list_of_folders)

    copy_from_image_dict_to_directory(all_files, output_dir)