Python 内置函数进制转换的用法(十进制转二进制、八进制、十六进制)

yipeiwu_com5年前Python基础

使用Python内置函数:bin()、oct()、int()、hex()可实现进制转换。

先看Python官方文档中对这几个内置函数的描述:

bin(x)
Convert an integer number to a binary string. The result is a valid Python expression. If x is not a Python int object, it has to define an __index__() method that returns an integer.

oct(x)
Convert an integer number to an octal string. The result is a valid Python expression. If x is not a Python int object, it has to define an __index__() method that returns an integer.

int([number | string[, base]])
Convert a number or string to an integer. If no arguments are given, return 0. If a number is given, return number.__int__(). Conversion of floating point numbers to integers truncates towards zero. A string must be a base-radix integer literal optionally preceded by ‘+' or ‘-‘ (with no space in between) and optionally surrounded by whitespace. A base-n literal consists of the digits 0 to n-1, with ‘a' to ‘z' (or ‘A' to ‘Z') having values 10 to 35. The default base is 10. The allowed values are 0 and 2-36. Base-2, -8, and -16 literals can be optionally prefixed with 0b/0B, 0o/0O, or 0x/0X, as with integer literals in code. Base 0 means to interpret exactly as a code literal, so that the actual base is 2, 8, 10, or 16, and so that int('010', 0) is not legal, while int('010') is, as well as int('010', 8).

hex(x)
Convert an integer number to a hexadecimal string. The result is a valid Python expression. If x is not a Python int object, it has to define an __index__() method that returns an integer.

2进制 8进制 10进制 16进制
2进制 - bin(int(x, 8)) bin(int(x, 10)) bin(int(x, 16))
8进制 oct(int(x, 2)) - oct(int(x, 10)) oct(int(x, 16))
10进制 int(x, 2) int(x, 8) - int(x, 16)
16进制 hex(int(x, 2)) hex(int(x, 8)) hex(int(x, 10)) -

bin()、oct()、hex()的返回值均为字符串,且分别带有0b、0o、0x前缀。

Python进制转换(二进制、十进制和十六进制)实例

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# 2/10/16 base trans. wrote by srcdog on 20th, April, 2009
# ld elements in base 2, 10, 16.

import os,sys

# global definition
# base = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F]
base = [str(x) for x in range(10)] + [ chr(x) for x in range(ord('A'),ord('A')+6)]

# bin2dec
# 二进制 to 十进制: int(str,n=10) 
def bin2dec(string_num):
 return str(int(string_num, 2))

# hex2dec
# 十六进制 to 十进制
def hex2dec(string_num):
 return str(int(string_num.upper(), 16))

# dec2bin
# 十进制 to 二进制: bin() 
def dec2bin(string_num):
 num = int(string_num)
 mid = []
 while True:
 if num == 0: break
 num,rem = divmod(num, 2)
 mid.append(base[rem])

 return ''.join([str(x) for x in mid[::-1]])

# dec2hex
# 十进制 to 八进制: oct() 
# 十进制 to 十六进制: hex() 
def dec2hex(string_num):
 num = int(string_num)
 mid = []
 while True:
 if num == 0: break
 num,rem = divmod(num, 16)
 mid.append(base[rem])

 return ''.join([str(x) for x in mid[::-1]])

# hex2tobin
# 十六进制 to 二进制: bin(int(str,16)) 
def hex2bin(string_num):
 return dec2bin(hex2dec(string_num.upper()))

# bin2hex
# 二进制 to 十六进制: hex(int(str,2)) 
def bin2hex(string_num):
 return dec2hex(bin2dec(string_num))

以下代码用于实现十进制转二进制、八进制、十六进制:

# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

# Filename : test.py
# author by : www.jb51.net

# 获取用户输入十进制数
dec = int(input("输入数字:"))

print("十进制数为:", dec)
print("转换为二进制为:", bin(dec))
print("转换为八进制为:", oct(dec))
print("转换为十六进制为:", hex(dec))

执行以上代码输出结果为:

python3 test.py
输入数字:5
十进制数为:5
转换为二进制为: 0b101
转换为八进制为: 0o5
转换为十六进制为: 0x5

python3 test.py
输入数字:12
十进制数为:12
转换为二进制为: 0b1100
转换为八进制为: 0o14
转换为十六进制为: 0xc

具体实现

十进制到二进制:

def dec2bin(num):
 l = []
 if num < 0:
 return '-' + dec2bin(abs(num))
 while True:
 num, remainder = divmod(num, 2)
 l.append(str(remainder))
 if num == 0:
  return ''.join(l[::-1])

十进制到八进制:

def dec2oct(num):
 l = []
 if num < 0:
 return '-' + dec2oct(abs(num))
 while True:
 num, remainder = divmod(num, 8)
 l.append(str(remainder))
 if num == 0:
  return ''.join(l[::-1])

十进制到十六进制:

base = [str(x) for x in range(10)] + [ chr(x) for x in range(ord('A'),ord('A')+6)]
def dec2hex(num):
 l = []
 if num < 0:
 return '-' + dec2hex(abs(num))
 while True:
 num,rem = divmod(num, 16)
 l.append(base[rem])
 if num == 0:
  return ''.join(l[::-1])

python进2、8、16制转换源码

def cn(x):
 return x.decode('utf-8')
a=int(raw_input(cn('请输入要转换的数字:')))
b=int(raw_input(cn('请输入要转换的进制:')))
def x(n,k):
 if k==16:
  d=n
  s=""
  while d!=0:
   d,f=divmod(d,k)
   if f==10:
    f='a'
   if f==11:
    f='b'
   if f==12:
    f='c'
   if f==13:
    f='d'
   if f==14:
    f='e'
   if f==15:
    f='f'
   s=str(f)+s
  return s
 elif k==2 or k==8:
  d=n
  s=""
  while d!=0:
   d,f=divmod(d,k)
   s=str(f)+s
  return s
c=x(a,b)
print c
#本程序仅支持2,8,16进制,若想支持更多进制请自己动脑该代码吧!

python 十进制整数转换为任意进制(36以内)

def baseN(num, b):
  return ((num == 0) and "0") or (baseN(num // b, b).lstrip("0") + "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"[num % b])

这篇文章就结束到这,需要的朋友可以参考一下,希望大家以后多多支持【听图阁-专注于Python设计】。

相关文章

python Django的web开发实例(入门)

python Django的web开发实例(入门)

一、创建一个项目 如果这是你第一次使用Django,那么你必须进行一些初始设置。也就是通过自动生成代码来建立一个Django项目--一个Django项目的设置集,包含了数据库配置、Dj...

用Python将mysql数据导出成json的方法

1、相关说明 此脚本可以将Mysql的数据导出成Json格式,导出的内容可以进行select查询确定。 数据传入参数有:dbConfigName, selectSql, jsonPath...

浅谈Python type的使用

判断类型 在Python中我们可以使用type进行类型的判断 #我们想看一个对象的的类型可以这样 class A: pass a = A() type(a) == A #Tru...

python安装教程 Pycharm安装详细教程

python安装教程 Pycharm安装详细教程

python安装教程和Pycharm安装详细教程,分享给大家。 首先我们来安装python 1、首先进入网站下载:点击打开链接(或自己输入网址https://www.python.org...

Python入门教程5. 字典基本操作【定义、运算、常用函数】 原创

前面简单介绍了Python元组基本操作,这里再来简单讲述一下Python字典相关操作 >>> dir(dict) #查看字段dict的属性和方法 ['__class...