Python 内置函数进制转换的用法(十进制转二进制、八进制、十六进制)

yipeiwu_com5年前Python基础

使用Python内置函数:bin()、oct()、int()、hex()可实现进制转换。

先看Python官方文档中对这几个内置函数的描述:

bin(x)
Convert an integer number to a binary string. The result is a valid Python expression. If x is not a Python int object, it has to define an __index__() method that returns an integer.

oct(x)
Convert an integer number to an octal string. The result is a valid Python expression. If x is not a Python int object, it has to define an __index__() method that returns an integer.

int([number | string[, base]])
Convert a number or string to an integer. If no arguments are given, return 0. If a number is given, return number.__int__(). Conversion of floating point numbers to integers truncates towards zero. A string must be a base-radix integer literal optionally preceded by ‘+' or ‘-‘ (with no space in between) and optionally surrounded by whitespace. A base-n literal consists of the digits 0 to n-1, with ‘a' to ‘z' (or ‘A' to ‘Z') having values 10 to 35. The default base is 10. The allowed values are 0 and 2-36. Base-2, -8, and -16 literals can be optionally prefixed with 0b/0B, 0o/0O, or 0x/0X, as with integer literals in code. Base 0 means to interpret exactly as a code literal, so that the actual base is 2, 8, 10, or 16, and so that int('010', 0) is not legal, while int('010') is, as well as int('010', 8).

hex(x)
Convert an integer number to a hexadecimal string. The result is a valid Python expression. If x is not a Python int object, it has to define an __index__() method that returns an integer.

2进制 8进制 10进制 16进制
2进制 - bin(int(x, 8)) bin(int(x, 10)) bin(int(x, 16))
8进制 oct(int(x, 2)) - oct(int(x, 10)) oct(int(x, 16))
10进制 int(x, 2) int(x, 8) - int(x, 16)
16进制 hex(int(x, 2)) hex(int(x, 8)) hex(int(x, 10)) -

bin()、oct()、hex()的返回值均为字符串,且分别带有0b、0o、0x前缀。

Python进制转换(二进制、十进制和十六进制)实例

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# 2/10/16 base trans. wrote by srcdog on 20th, April, 2009
# ld elements in base 2, 10, 16.

import os,sys

# global definition
# base = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F]
base = [str(x) for x in range(10)] + [ chr(x) for x in range(ord('A'),ord('A')+6)]

# bin2dec
# 二进制 to 十进制: int(str,n=10) 
def bin2dec(string_num):
 return str(int(string_num, 2))

# hex2dec
# 十六进制 to 十进制
def hex2dec(string_num):
 return str(int(string_num.upper(), 16))

# dec2bin
# 十进制 to 二进制: bin() 
def dec2bin(string_num):
 num = int(string_num)
 mid = []
 while True:
 if num == 0: break
 num,rem = divmod(num, 2)
 mid.append(base[rem])

 return ''.join([str(x) for x in mid[::-1]])

# dec2hex
# 十进制 to 八进制: oct() 
# 十进制 to 十六进制: hex() 
def dec2hex(string_num):
 num = int(string_num)
 mid = []
 while True:
 if num == 0: break
 num,rem = divmod(num, 16)
 mid.append(base[rem])

 return ''.join([str(x) for x in mid[::-1]])

# hex2tobin
# 十六进制 to 二进制: bin(int(str,16)) 
def hex2bin(string_num):
 return dec2bin(hex2dec(string_num.upper()))

# bin2hex
# 二进制 to 十六进制: hex(int(str,2)) 
def bin2hex(string_num):
 return dec2hex(bin2dec(string_num))

以下代码用于实现十进制转二进制、八进制、十六进制:

# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

# Filename : test.py
# author by : www.jb51.net

# 获取用户输入十进制数
dec = int(input("输入数字:"))

print("十进制数为:", dec)
print("转换为二进制为:", bin(dec))
print("转换为八进制为:", oct(dec))
print("转换为十六进制为:", hex(dec))

执行以上代码输出结果为:

python3 test.py
输入数字:5
十进制数为:5
转换为二进制为: 0b101
转换为八进制为: 0o5
转换为十六进制为: 0x5

python3 test.py
输入数字:12
十进制数为:12
转换为二进制为: 0b1100
转换为八进制为: 0o14
转换为十六进制为: 0xc

具体实现

十进制到二进制:

def dec2bin(num):
 l = []
 if num < 0:
 return '-' + dec2bin(abs(num))
 while True:
 num, remainder = divmod(num, 2)
 l.append(str(remainder))
 if num == 0:
  return ''.join(l[::-1])

十进制到八进制:

def dec2oct(num):
 l = []
 if num < 0:
 return '-' + dec2oct(abs(num))
 while True:
 num, remainder = divmod(num, 8)
 l.append(str(remainder))
 if num == 0:
  return ''.join(l[::-1])

十进制到十六进制:

base = [str(x) for x in range(10)] + [ chr(x) for x in range(ord('A'),ord('A')+6)]
def dec2hex(num):
 l = []
 if num < 0:
 return '-' + dec2hex(abs(num))
 while True:
 num,rem = divmod(num, 16)
 l.append(base[rem])
 if num == 0:
  return ''.join(l[::-1])

python进2、8、16制转换源码

def cn(x):
 return x.decode('utf-8')
a=int(raw_input(cn('请输入要转换的数字:')))
b=int(raw_input(cn('请输入要转换的进制:')))
def x(n,k):
 if k==16:
  d=n
  s=""
  while d!=0:
   d,f=divmod(d,k)
   if f==10:
    f='a'
   if f==11:
    f='b'
   if f==12:
    f='c'
   if f==13:
    f='d'
   if f==14:
    f='e'
   if f==15:
    f='f'
   s=str(f)+s
  return s
 elif k==2 or k==8:
  d=n
  s=""
  while d!=0:
   d,f=divmod(d,k)
   s=str(f)+s
  return s
c=x(a,b)
print c
#本程序仅支持2,8,16进制,若想支持更多进制请自己动脑该代码吧!

python 十进制整数转换为任意进制(36以内)

def baseN(num, b):
  return ((num == 0) and "0") or (baseN(num // b, b).lstrip("0") + "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"[num % b])

这篇文章就结束到这,需要的朋友可以参考一下,希望大家以后多多支持【听图阁-专注于Python设计】。

相关文章

Python编程之属性和方法实例详解

本文实例讲述了Python编程中属性和方法使用技巧。分享给大家供大家参考。具体分析如下: 一、属性 在python中,属性分为公有属性和私有属性,公有属性可以在类的外部调用,私有属性不...

详谈Pandas中iloc和loc以及ix的区别

Pandas库中有iloc和loc以及ix可以用来索引数据,抽取数据。但是方法一多也容易造成混淆。下面将一一来结合代码说清其中的区别。 1. iloc和loc的区别: iloc主要使用数...

python多线程编程中的join函数使用心得

python多线程编程中的join函数使用心得

今天去辛集买箱包,下午挺晚才回来,又是恶心又是头痛。恶心是因为早上吃坏东西+晕车+回来时看到车祸现场,头痛大概是烈日和空调混合刺激而成。没有时间没有精神没有力气学习了,这篇博客就说说py...

TensorFlow卷积神经网络之使用训练好的模型识别猫狗图片

TensorFlow卷积神经网络之使用训练好的模型识别猫狗图片

本文是Python通过TensorFlow卷积神经网络实现猫狗识别的姊妹篇,是加载上一篇训练好的模型,进行猫狗识别 本文逻辑: 我从网上下载了十几张猫和狗的图片,用于检验我们训练好...

python字符串中的单双引

python中字符串可以(且仅可以)使用成对的单引号、双引号、三个双引号(文档字符串)包围: 'this is a book'  "this is a book" """thi...