<?php

 $searchValue = (int)$_GET['key'];

 function search(array $array, $value)
 {
     $max = count($array)-1;
     $min = 0;
     $isAscSort = $array[$min] < $array[$max];

     while (TRUE) {
         $sum = $min+$max;
         $midKey = (int)($sum%2 == 1 ? ceil($sum/2) : $sum/2);

         if ($max < $min) {
             return -1;
         } else if ($value == $array[$midKey]) {
             return 1;
         } else if ($value > $array[$midKey]) {
             $isAscSort ? $min = $midKey+1 : $max = $midKey-1;
         } else if ($value < $array[$midKey]) {
             $isAscSort ? $max = $midKey-1 : $min = $midKey+1;
         }
     }
 }

 $array = array(
     '4', '5', '7', '8', '9', '10', '11', '12'
 );
 // 正序
 echo search($array, $searchValue);

 // 逆序
 rsort($array);
 echo search($array, $searchValue);