用python写个自动SSH登录远程服务器的小工具(实例)
很多时候我们喜欢在自己电脑的终端直接ssh连接Linux服务器,而不喜欢使用那些有UI界面的工具区连接我们的服务器。可是在终端使用ssh我们每次都需要输入账号和密码,这也是一个烦恼,所以我们可以简单的打造一个在Linux/Mac os运行的自动ssh登录远程服务器的小工具。
来个GIF动画示例下先:
概述
我们先理一下我们需要些什么功能:
1. 添加/删除连接服务器需要的IP,端口,密码
2. 自动输入密码登录远程服务器
对,我们就做这么简单的功能
开始写代码
代码比较长,所以我也放在在Github和码云,地址在文章最底部:
1.我们建个模块目录osnssh(Open source noob ssh),然后在下面再建两个目录,一个用来放主程序取名叫bin吧,一个用来保存登录数据(IP, 端口,密码)叫data吧。
-osnssh
-bin
-data
1.设置程序:添加/删除IP,端口,密码. 建立py文件bin/setting.py:
#!/usr/bin/env python #-*-coding:utf-8-*- import re, base64, os, sys path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(sys.argv[0])) ''' 选项配置管理 __author__ = 'allen woo' ''' def add_host_main(): while 1: if add_host(): break print("\n\nAgain:") def add_host(): ''' 添加主机信息 :return: ''' print("================Add=====================") print("[Help]Input '#q' exit") # 输入IP host_ip = str_format("Host IP:", "^(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1[0-9][0-9]|[1-9]?[0-9])\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1[0-9][0-9]|[1-9]?[0-9])\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1[0-9][0-9]|[1-9]?[0-9])\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1[0-9][0-9]|[1-9]?[0-9])$") if host_ip == "#q": return 1 # 输入端口 host_port = str_format("Host port(Default 22):", "[0-9]+") if host_port == "#q": return 1 # 输入密码 password = str_format("Password:", ".*") if password == "#q": return 1 # 密码加密 password = base64.encodestring(password) # 输入用户名 name = str_format("User Name:", "^[^ ]+$") if name == "#q": return 1 elif not name: os.system("clear") print("[Warning]:User name cannot be emptyg") return 0 # The alias # 输入别名 alias = str_format("Local Alias:", "^[^ ]+$") if alias == "#q": return 1 elif not alias: os.system("clear") print("[Warning]:Alias cannot be emptyg") return 0 # 打开数据保存文件 of = open("{}/data/information.d".format(path)) hosts = of.readlines() # 遍历文件数据,查找是否有存在的Ip,端口,还有别名 for l in hosts: l = l.strip("\n") if not l: continue l_list = l.split(" ") if host_ip == l_list[1] and host_port == l_list[2]: os.system("clear") print("[Warning]{}:{} existing".format(host_ip, host_port)) return 0 if alias == l_list[4]: os.system("clear") print("[Warning]Alias '{}' existing".format(alias)) return 0 of.close() # save # 保存数据到数据文件 of = open("{}/data/information.d".format(path), "a") of.write("\n{} {} {} {} {}".format(name.strip("\n"), host_ip.strip("\n"), host_port, password.strip("\n"), alias.strip("\n"))) of.close() print("Add the success:{} {}@{}:{}".format(alias.strip("\n"), name.strip("\n"), host_ip.strip("\n"), host_port, password.strip("\n"))) return 1 def remove_host(): ''' 删除主机信息 :return: ''' while 1: # 打开数据文件 of = open("{}/data/information.d".format(path)) hosts = of.readlines() of.close l = len(hosts) if l <= 0: os.system("clear") print("[Warning]There is no host") return print("================Remove================") print("+{}+".format("-"*40)) print("| Alias UserName@IP:PORT") hosts_temp = [] n = 0 # 遍历输出所以信息(除了密码)供选择 for i in range(0, l): if not hosts[i].strip(): continue v_list = hosts[i].strip().split(" ") print("+{}+".format("-"*40)) print("| {} | {} {}@{}:{}".format(n+1, v_list[4], v_list[0], v_list[1], v_list[2])) n += 1 hosts_temp.append(hosts[i]) hosts = hosts_temp[:] print("+{}+".format("-"*40)) c = raw_input("[Remove]Choose the Number or Alias('#q' to exit):") is_alias = False is_y = False try: c = int(c) if c > l or c < 1: os.system("clear") print("[Warning]:There is no") continue del hosts[c-1] is_y = True except: is_alias = True if is_alias: if c.strip() == "#q": os.system("clear") break n = 0 for l in hosts: if c.strip() == l.split(" ")[4].strip(): del hosts[n] is_y = True n += 1 if not is_y: os.system("clear") print("[Warning]:There is no") continue else: # save # 再次确认是否删除 c = raw_input("Remove?[y/n]:") if c.strip().upper() == "Y": of = open("{}/data/information.d".format(path), "w") for l in hosts: of.write(l) print("Remove the success!") of.close() def str_format(lable, rule): ''' 用于验证输入的数据格式 :param lable: :param rule: :return: ''' while 1: print("{} ('#q' exit)".format(lable)) temp = raw_input().strip() m = re.match(r"{}".format(rule), temp) if m: break elif "port" in lable: temp = 22 break elif temp.strip() == "#q": os.system("clear") break os.system("clear") print("[Warning]:Invalid format") return temp
2. 我们再添加一个函数在setting.py用于输出我们的信息,也就是about me。
def about(): ''' 输出关于这个程序的信息 :return: ''' of = open("{}/bin/about.dat".format(path)) rf = of.read() try: info = eval(rf) os.system("clear") print("================About osnssh================") for k,v in info.items(): print("{}: {}".format(k, v)) except: print("For failure.") return
然后在bin目录下面建立个文件about.dat写入我们的一些信息,比如:
{ "auther":"Allen Woo", "Introduction":"In Linux or MAC using SSH, do not need to enter the IP and password for many times", "Home page":"", "Download address":"https://github.com/osnoob/osnssh", "version":"1.1.0", "email":"xiaopingwoo@163.com" }
好了设置程序就这样了:
2. 自动登录远程服务器程序:在bin建个py文件叫auto_ssh.py:
注意:这里我们需要先安装个包叫:pexpect, 用户终端交互,捕捉交互信息实现自动输入密码。
安装pexpect:
pip install pexpect
然后开始写代码:
#!/usr/bin/env python #-*-coding:utf-8-*- import os, sys, base64 import pexpect path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(sys.argv[0])) def choose(): # 打开我们的数据文件 of = open("{}/data/information.d".format(path)) hosts = of.readlines() hosts_temp = [] for h in hosts: if h.strip(): hosts_temp.append(h) hosts = hosts_temp[:] l = len(hosts) if l <= 0: os.system("clear") print("[Warning]Please add the host server") return while 1: print("=================SSH===================") print("+{}+".format("-"*40)) print("| Alias UserName@IP:PORT") for i in range(0, l): v_list = hosts[i].strip().split(" ") print("+{}+".format("-"*40)) print("| {} | {} {}@{}:{}".format(i+1, v_list[4], v_list[0], v_list[1], v_list[2])) print("+{}+".format("-"*40)) c = raw_input("[SSH]Choose the number or alias('#q' exit):") is_alias = False is_y = False try: c = int(c) if c > l or c < 1: os.system("clear") print("[Warning]:There is no") continue l_list = hosts[c-1].split(" ") name = l_list[0] host = l_list[1] port = l_list[2] password = l_list[3] is_y = True except: is_alias = True if is_alias: if c.strip() == "#q": os.system("clear") return for h in hosts: if c.strip() == h.split(" ")[4].strip(): l_list = h.split(" ") name = l_list[0] host = l_list[1] port = l_list[2] password = l_list[3] is_y = True if not is_y: continue # ssh # 将加密保存的密码解密 password = base64.decodestring(password) print("In the connection...") # 准备远程连接,拼接ip:port print("{}@{}".format(name, host)) if port == "22": connection("ssh {}@{}".format(name, host), password) else: connection("ssh {}@{}:{}".format(name, host, port), password) def connection(cmd, pwd): ''' 连接远程服务器 :param cmd: :param pwd: :return: ''' child = pexpect.spawn(cmd) i = child.expect([".*password.*", ".*continue.*?", pexpect.EOF, pexpect.TIMEOUT]) if( i == 0 ): # 如果交互中出现.*password.*,就是叫我们输入密码 # 我们就把密码自动填入下去 child.sendline("{}\n".format(pwd)) child.interact() elif( i == 1): # 如果交互提示是否继续,一般第一次连接时会出现 # 这个时候我们发送"yes",然后再自动输入密码 child.sendline("yes\n") child.sendline("{}\n".format(pwd)) #child.interact() else: # 连接失败 print("[Error]The connection fails")
好了,现在我们只需要启动文件了,也就是打开程序后的第一个菜单
3.再osnssh目录下建个osnssh.py 文件:
#!/usr/bin/env python #-*-coding:utf-8-*- import os, sys sys.path.append("../") from bin import setting, auto_ssh path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(sys.argv[0])) ''' 方便在LINUX终端使用ssh,保存使用的IP:PORT , PASSWORD 自动登录 __author__ = 'allen woo' ''' def main(): while 1: print("==============OSNSSH [Menu]=============") print("1.Connection between a host\n2.Add host\n3.Remove host\n4.About\n[Help]: q:quit clear:clear screen") print("="*40) c = raw_input("Please select a:") if c == 1 or c == "1": auto_ssh.choose() if c == 2 or c == "2": setting.add_host_main() if c == 3 or c == "3": setting.remove_host() if c == 4 or c == "4": setting.about() elif c == "clear": os.system("clear") elif c == "q" or c == "Q" or c == "quit": print("Bye") sys.exit() else: print("\n") if __name__ == '__main__': try: of = open("{}/data/information.d".format(path)) except: of = open("{}/data/information.d".format(path), "w") of.close() main()
终于写完了,我们可以试一试了:
$python osnssh.py
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