python地震数据可视化详解
本文实例为大家分享了python地震数据可视化的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下
参考源码：seisplot
准备工作：
在windows10下安装python3.7，下载参考源码到本地。
1. demo绘图测试
demo绘图指令
cmd> python seisplot.py --demo
问题1）缺少依赖包
File "D:/Desktop/python可视化/seisplot/seisplot.py", line 16, in <module> import yaml ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'yaml' >pip3 install yaml Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement yaml (from versions: ) No matching distribution found for yaml
查看environment.yml:
channels: - defaults - conda-forge dependencies: - matplotlib - numpy - obspy - pillow - pyyaml
安装相关依赖包，如 obspy pillow pyyaml
cmd> pip3 install obspy
出现proxy error， 添加选项 --proxy server:port
安装ok
问题2）配置文件的编码异常
D:\Desktop\python可视化\seisplot>python seisplot.py --demo
[91m
Welcome to
┌─┐┌─┐┬┌─┐┌─┐┬ ┌─┐┌┬┐
└─┐├┤ │└─┐├─┘│ │ │ │
└─┘└─┘┴└─┘┴ ┴─┘└─┘ ┴
Good luck[0m
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "seisplot.py", line 421, in <module>
cfg = yaml.load(f)
File "D:\ProgramFiles\Python36\lib\site-packages\yaml\__init__.py", line 70, in load
loader = Loader(stream)
File "D:\ProgramFiles\Python36\lib\site-packages\yaml\loader.py", line 34, in __init__
Reader.__init__(self, stream)
File "D:\ProgramFiles\Python36\lib\site-packages\yaml\reader.py", line 85, in __init__
self.determine_encoding()
File "D:\ProgramFiles\Python36\lib\site-packages\yaml\reader.py", line 124, in determine_encoding
self.update_raw()
File "D:\ProgramFiles\Python36\lib\site-packages\yaml\reader.py", line 178, in update_raw
data = self.stream.read(size)
UnicodeDecodeError: 'gbk' codec can't decode byte 0x99 in position 2003: illegal multibyte sequence
分析源码中参数传递情况：
def load(stream, Loader=Loader): """ Parse the first YAML document in a stream and produce the corresponding Python object. """ print(stream) ## debug by huanying03 loader = Loader(stream) try: return loader.get_single_data() finally: loader.dispose()
打印结果如下：
<_io.TextIOWrapper name='config.yml' mode='r' encoding='cp936'>
编码不对？
65001 ：UTF-8代码页
936 ：默认的GBK
437 ：是美国英语
仔细检查发现config.yml中有异常字符，更正config.yml中错误字符：ok
问题3）python调试打印语句
print ("value=%d"%value)
demo数据绘图结果
如下：
2. 本地数据绘图测试
应用指令
cmd > python seisplot.py data/my.sgy
问题1）数据道的采样值异常
filename data2/t10.sgy seismic.py:104:dt=4000 seismic.py:104:ns=512 seismic.py:144:header=b'C 1 CLIENT' n_traces 500 n_samples 512 dt 0.004 t_start 0 t_end 2.044 max_val inf min_val -inf clip_val 180462501764003194804057887685476352 Read data in 0.4 s ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ PLOTTING plot width 17.00 in plot height 11.00 in Traceback (most recent call last): File "seisplot.py", line 442, in <module> main(t, cfg) File "seisplot.py", line 214, in main cfg) File "D:\Desktop\python可视化\seisplot\plotter.py", line 123, in plot_histogram y, x, _ = ax.hist(np.ravel(data), bins=int(100.0 / (clip_val / largest)), OverflowError: cannot convert float infinity to integer
解决办法：将数据做归一化处理
问题2）数据文件的卷头异常
filename data2/marmousi_vel.segy.hdrs.sgy.cdp.sgy
seismic.py:104:dt=10000
seismic.py:104:ns=350
seismic.py:144:header=b'\xc3@\xf1@\xc3\xd3\xc9\xc5\xd5\xe3'
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "seisplot.py", line 442, in <module>
main(t, cfg)
File "seisplot.py", line 40, in main
s = Seismic.from_segy(target, params={'ndim': cfg['ndim']})
File "D:\Desktop\python可视化\seisplot\seismic.py", line 164, in from_segy
return cls.from_obspy(stream, params=params)
File "D:\Desktop\python可视化\seisplot\seismic.py", line 147, in from_obspy
x =np.array(list(stream.textual_file_header.decode()))
UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0xc3 in position 0: invalid continuation byte
解决办法：重写3200字节的segy卷头
marmousi相关数据绘图
速度模型绘图结果如下：
marmousi模型正演的炮集数据绘图结果如下：
测试备忘
1
cygwin执行指令，可以看到反馈信息为彩色，分析信息很方便。
相比之下，cmd终端执行指令后的反馈信息可读性较差。
2
本地数据出现异常后，通过cwp中的segyread, sushw, sugain, segywrite等程序进行修改，满足绘图程序要求。
1）3200字节的卷头必须规范
2）道头字中的cdpt取值必须规范（xline）
3）道采样值最好归一化处理。
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持【听图阁-专注于Python设计】。
