django框架基于模板 生成 excel(xls) 文件操作示例
本文实例讲述了django框架基于模板 生成 excel(xls) 文件操作。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:
生成Excel 文件,很多人会采用一些开源的库来实现,比如python 自带 csv 库可以生成类似Excel 一样的东西,当然还有一些专门处理 excel 的库,我以前也有用过,比如这里: /post/163408.htm 我介绍过用第三方的库来实现。但事实上还有另外一种办法,采用模板的方法.
虽然标题写的是利用 django 模板来实现,其实并一定,你可以是自定义的一个文本文件。只是这个文件需要满足一定的格式去编写. 是个 xml 格式的,我在自己的项目中写了几个tag, 自己可以去掉后测试:
模板内容
{% load languageTag %} {% load mulTag%} <?xml version="1.0"?> <?mso-application progid="Excel.Sheet"?> <Workbook xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:x="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel" xmlns:ss="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet" xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"> <DocumentProperties xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"> <Author>wh</Author> <LastAuthor>wuhf</LastAuthor> <Created>2011-05-10T03:11:52Z</Created> <LastSaved>2011-05-11T03:09:09Z</LastSaved> <Company>ig</Company> <Version>11.9999</Version> </DocumentProperties> <ExcelWorkbook xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel"> <WindowHeight>10290</WindowHeight> <WindowWidth>21600</WindowWidth> <WindowTopX>0</WindowTopX> <WindowTopY>285</WindowTopY> <ProtectStructure>False</ProtectStructure> <ProtectWindows>False</ProtectWindows> </ExcelWorkbook> <Styles> <Style ss:ID="Default" ss:Name="Normal"> <Alignment ss:Vertical="Center"/> <Borders/> <Font ss:FontName="宋体" x:CharSet="134" ss:Size="12"/> <Interior/> <NumberFormat/> <Protection/> </Style> <Style ss:ID="s21"> <Alignment ss:Horizontal="Left" ss:Vertical="Center"/> </Style> <Style ss:ID="s24"> <Alignment ss:Horizontal="Center" ss:Vertical="Center"/> </Style> <Style ss:ID="s25"> <NumberFormat ss:Format="Short Date"/> </Style> <Style ss:ID="s26"> <NumberFormat/> </Style> <Style ss:ID="s27"> <NumberFormat ss:Format=""US$"#,##0.00;\-"US$"#,##0.00"/> </Style> <Style ss:ID="s28"> <Interior ss:Color="#C0C0C0" ss:Pattern="Solid"/> </Style> <Style ss:ID="s29"> <Interior ss:Color="#C0C0C0" ss:Pattern="Solid"/> <NumberFormat/> </Style> <Style ss:ID="s30"> <Interior ss:Color="#C0C0C0" ss:Pattern="Solid"/> <NumberFormat ss:Format=""US$"#,##0.00;\-"US$"#,##0.00"/> </Style> </Styles> <Worksheet ss:Name="Sheet1"> <Table ss:ExpandedColumnCount="11" ss:ExpandedRowCount="{{count_data}}" x:FullColumns="1" x:FullRows="1" ss:DefaultColumnWidth="54" ss:DefaultRowHeight="14.25"> <Column ss:AutoFitWidth="0" ss:Width="83.25"/> <Column ss:Index="3" ss:Width="90"/> <Column ss:Index="6" ss:Width="63"/> <Column ss:Index="10" ss:Width="57"/> <Column ss:Width="69.75"/> <Row ss:AutoFitHeight="0"> <Cell ss:MergeAcross="10" ss:StyleID="s21"><Data ss:Type="String">{%if filter.phase == 'week'%}{%padLang 3_week_report%} {%else%} {%padLang 3_month_report%} {%endif%}</Data></Cell> </Row> <Row ss:AutoFitHeight="0"> <Cell ss:MergeAcross="10" ss:StyleID="s21"><Data ss:Type="String">{%padLang 3_pay_date%} : {{filter.start_date}} - {{filter.end_date}} </Data></Cell> </Row> <Row ss:AutoFitHeight="0"> <Cell ss:StyleID="s21"/> <Cell ss:StyleID="s21"/> <Cell ss:StyleID="s21"/> <Cell ss:StyleID="s21"/> <Cell ss:StyleID="s21"/> <Cell ss:StyleID="s21"/> <Cell ss:StyleID="s21"/> <Cell ss:StyleID="s21"/> <Cell ss:StyleID="s21"/> <Cell ss:StyleID="s21"/> <Cell ss:StyleID="s21"/> </Row> <Row ss:AutoFitHeight="0"> <Cell ss:MergeAcross="6" ss:StyleID="s24"><Data ss:Type="String">{%padLang 3_order_info%}</Data></Cell> <Cell ss:MergeAcross="3" ss:StyleID="s24"><Data ss:Type="String">{%padLang 3_pay_info%}</Data></Cell> </Row> <Row ss:AutoFitHeight="0"> <Cell><Data ss:Type="String">{%padLang 3_order_sn%}</Data></Cell> <Cell><Data ss:Type="String">{%padLang 3_user_name%}</Data></Cell> <Cell><Data ss:Type="String">{%padLang 3_distributor_name%}</Data></Cell> <Cell><Data ss:Type="String">{%padLang 3_amount%}</Data></Cell> <Cell><Data ss:Type="String">{%padLang 3_amount_source%}</Data></Cell> <Cell><Data ss:Type="String">{%padLang 3_create_date%}</Data></Cell> <Cell><Data ss:Type="String">{%padLang 3_installment%}</Data></Cell> <Cell><Data ss:Type="String">{%padLang 3_pay_name%}</Data></Cell> <Cell><Data ss:Type="String">{%padLang 3_amount_local%}</Data></Cell> <Cell><Data ss:Type="String">{%padLang 3_amount_amr%}</Data></Cell> <Cell><Data ss:Type="String">{%padLang 3_pay_date%}</Data></Cell> </Row> {%for phase,orders in res.iteritems%} {%for order_sn,order_pays in orders.iteritems%} {%for item in order_pays%} {%if forloop.first %} <Row ss:AutoFitHeight="0"> <Cell><Data ss:Type="String">{{item.order_sn}}</Data></Cell> <Cell><Data ss:Type="String">{{item.user_name}}</Data></Cell> <Cell><Data ss:Type="String">{{item.distributor_name}}</Data></Cell> <Cell ss:StyleID="s27"><Data ss:Type="Number">{{item.order_subtotal}}</Data></Cell> <Cell><Data ss:Type="String">{%if item.order_subtotal == 1%} {%padLang 3_user%}{%else%}{%padLang 3_distributor%}{%endif%}</Data></Cell> <Cell ss:StyleID="s25"><Data ss:Type="String">{%if item.create_date == 0 %}{{item.pay_date.}}{%else%} {{item.create_date}} {%endif%}</Data></Cell> <Cell><Data ss:Type="String">{%if item.installment_id%} {%padLang 3_yes%}{%else%} {%padLang 3_no%}{%endif%}</Data></Cell>'; {%else%} <Row ss:AutoFitHeight="0"> <Cell><Data ss:Type="String"></Data></Cell> <Cell><Data ss:Type="String"></Data></Cell> <Cell><Data ss:Type="String"></Data></Cell> <Cell><Data ss:Type="String"></Data></Cell> <Cell><Data ss:Type="String"></Data></Cell> <Cell ss:StyleID="s25"></Cell> <Cell><Data ss:Type="String"></Data></Cell> {%endif%} <Cell><Data ss:Type="String"> {%if item.payment_id == '-2'%}{%padLang 3_amount_hand%} {%else%}{%if item.payment_id == '0'%} {%else%}{{item.pay_name}}{%endif%} {%endif%} </Data></Cell> <Cell ss:StyleID="s26"><Data ss:Type="String">{{item.pay_money}} {{item.rate_name}}</Data></Cell> <Cell ss:StyleID="s27"><Data ss:Type="Number">{{item.amr}}</Data></Cell> <Cell ss:StyleID="s25"><Data ss:Type="DateTime">{{item.pay_date}}</Data></Cell> </Row> {%endfor%} {%endfor%} <Row ss:AutoFitHeight="0"> <Cell ss:StyleID="s28"><Data ss:Type="String">{%padLang 3_subtotal%}</Data></Cell> <Cell ss:StyleID="s28"/> <Cell ss:StyleID="s28"/> <Cell ss:StyleID="s28"/> <Cell ss:StyleID="s28"/> <Cell ss:StyleID="s28"/> <Cell ss:StyleID="s28"/> <Cell ss:StyleID="s28"/> <Cell ss:StyleID="s29"/> <Cell ss:StyleID="s30"><Data ss:Type="Number">{{item.phase_subtotal}}</Data></Cell> <Cell ss:StyleID="s28"/> </Row> {%endfor%} <Row ss:AutoFitHeight="0"> <Cell><Data ss:Type="String">{%padLang 3_total%}</Data></Cell> <Cell ss:Index="10" ss:StyleID="s27"><Data ss:Type="Number">{{total}}</Data></Cell> </Row> </Table> </Worksheet> </Workbook>
这段模板里面包含了一些我自己的逻辑,熟悉 django 的人一眼就能看出来,那些是我加的,那些是原来应该有的,其实道理就是,循环处理 <cell> 和 <row> 把数据向里面填充就可以了。
在视图中如何处理呢:
def report_pad_order(request): .... t = TemplateResponse(request, 'pad_order_report_xls.html', context) t.render() response = HttpResponse(content_type='application/vnd.ms-excel') response['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename=test.xls' response.write(t.content) return response
这样就可以实现直接用 Django 渲染模板下载 excel 文档了。还是很方便的,至少不用调用很多三方的API函数去生成excel.
希望本文所述对大家基于Django框架的Python程序设计有所帮助。