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python super用法及原理详解

yipeiwu_com5年前 (2020-03-06)Python基础

这篇文章主要介绍了python super用法及原理详解,文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细，对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值,需要的朋友可以参考下

概念

super作为python的内建函数。主要作用如下：

允许我们避免使用基类
跟随多重继承来使用

实例

在单个继承的场景下，一般使用super来调用基类来实现：
下面是一个例子：

class Mammal(object):
 def __init__(self, mammalName):
  print(mammalName, 'is a warm-blooded animal.')
  
class Dog(Mammal):
 def __init__(self):
  print('Dog has four legs.')
  super().__init__('Dog')
  
d1 = Dog()

输出结果：

➜ super git:(master) ✗ py super_script.py

Dog has four legs.

Dog is a warm-blooded animal.

super在多重继承里面的使用：

下面是一个例子：

class Animal:
 def __init__(self, animalName):
  print(animalName, 'is an animal.');
class Mammal(Animal):
 def __init__(self, mammalName):
  print(mammalName, 'is a warm-blooded animal.')
  super().__init__(mammalName)

class NonWingedMammal(Mammal):
 def __init__(self, NonWingedMammalName):
  print(NonWingedMammalName, "can't fly.")
  super().__init__(NonWingedMammalName)
class NonMarineMammal(Mammal):
 def __init__(self, NonMarineMammalName):
  print(NonMarineMammalName, "can't swim.")
  super().__init__(NonMarineMammalName)
class Dog(NonMarineMammal, NonWingedMammal):
 def __init__(self):
  print('Dog has 4 legs.');
  super().__init__('Dog')

d = Dog()
print('')
bat = NonMarineMammal('Bat')

输出结果：

➜ super git:(master) ✗ py super_muli.py
Dog has 4 legs.
Dog can't swim.
Dog can't fly.
Dog is a warm-blooded animal.
Dog is an animal.

Bat can't swim.
Bat is a warm-blooded animal.
Bat is an animal.

参考文档

https://www.programiz.com/python-programming/methods/built-in/super

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